| 1. | The change to poppet valves began with the Fifteen of 1933.
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| 2. | The poppet valves are controlled by the rotating camshaft at the top.
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| 3. | Poppet valves are employed extensively in the launching of torpedoes from submarines.
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| 4. | These inefficiencies drove the widespread experimentation in poppet valve gears for locomotives.
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| 5. | Each cylinder bank had a single overhead cam actuating the poppet valves.
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| 6. | Poppet valves are easy to replace and require little maintenance.
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| 7. | The experiment did result in the successor Rotary Cam Poppet valve gear.
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| 8. | Sickels patented a valve gear for double-beat poppet valves in 1842.
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| 9. | The poppet valves also gave the locomotive a distinctive " chuffing " sound.
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| 10. | In 1931 No . 2935 was rebuilt with rotary cam poppet valve gear.
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